{
  "code": "e-mark",
  "mark": "E / e",
  "name": "E / e mark (vehicle type approval)",
  "summary": "The mandatory type-approval marking for vehicles and components under the UN ECE framework and in the EU. The circled E is issued by type-approval authorities of 1958 Agreement contracting parties; the boxed e belongs to the EU whole-vehicle type-approval system. The number identifies the issuing country.",
  "obligation": "强制",
  "scheme_type": "型式批准",
  "region": "欧洲",
  "issuer": "National type-approval authorities (for example KBA, RDW, VCA)",
  "requirements": "Complete testing against the applicable UN regulations, submit the technical file and conformity-of-production (COP) arrangements, and undergo factory assessment. In-scope vehicle types also need CSMS / SUMS evidence.",
  "usage_rules": "The digit inside the mark is the issuing country code, followed by the approval number. It must not be self-affixed or altered. Marking form and placement differ between components and whole vehicles.",
  "validity": "Approvals do not expire on a fixed schedule, but amendment series, design changes or failed COP audits require extension or re-approval.",
  "markets": [
    {
      "iso": "EU",
      "name": "European Union"
    },
    {
      "iso": "UN",
      "name": "UN ECE (E-Mark)"
    }
  ],
  "regulations": [
    {
      "ref_no": "UN R100.05",
      "slug": "un-r100"
    },
    {
      "ref_no": "UN R136",
      "slug": "un-r136"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "code": "DRIVE",
      "name": "Motors & drive units"
    },
    {
      "code": "EV",
      "name": "EV & components"
    },
    {
      "code": "LIB",
      "name": "Batteries & cells"
    }
  ],
  "source_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/858/oj",
  "verified_at": "2026-08-19",
  "version": 1,
  "urls": {
    "html": "/en/certifications/e-mark",
    "markdown": "/en/certifications/e-mark.md"
  }
}